This involves a comprehensive review of the bitch’s past breeding performance, as well as a family history of breeding problems. Other factors to consider are recent illnesses and any medications she may be taking. The physical exam is similar to that described for the pre-breeding examination. Additional studies include ultrasonography, vaginal cytology, and hormone assays such as FSH, LH, thyroid panel, estrogen, and progesterone.
Infertility in bitches is often associated with abnormal heat cycles, but can be caused by other factors as well. A biopsy of the uterus may be recommended.